麻省理工高材生研究自己的肿瘤(双语)

史蒂夫-基廷

　　Steven Keating was just a typical student when he volunteered to have his brain scanned in 2007.

　　2007年，史蒂夫-基廷还只是名普通的大学生。那一年，基廷自愿接受大脑扫描手术。

　　As a PhD candidate at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Mr Keating spent his days learning how things work – and had always been curious about his brain.

　　基廷当时是麻省理工学院的博士应试生，平时经常进行研究工作，对自己的大脑也充满了好奇。

　　But, the scan from that fateful academic study proved life-changing.

　　然而，这一次的大脑扫描手术命中注定般改变了他的人生。

　　For, it detected an unknown abnormality in Mr Keating's brain.

　　扫描发现，基廷的大脑中存在一团畸形组织。

　　At the time doctors reassured the student it was nothing to be concerned about.

　　当时医生告诉基廷不必为此担心。

　　However, seven years later, at a follow-up scan in 2014, specialists discovered the abnormality had grown, and developed into a tumor the size of a baseball.

　　然而2014年的一次扫描却发现，这团组织竟长成了一个棒球大小的肿瘤。

　　After a grueling 10-hour operation to remove the mass, the 27-year-old said he did what any other self-described 'dork', would do – he dissected his own tumor.

　　在10个小时令人精疲力竭的手术结束后，27岁的基廷说自己做了一件其他自称怪咖的人才会做的事–解剖自己的脑瘤！

　　‘I was even looking at my brain when I was 10 years old. That curiosity took me to MIT.'

　　“我10岁时就观察自己的大脑，这份好奇心令我进入麻省理工学习。”

　　At MIT, Mr Keating spends his days in the prestigious university's Media Lab, where he focuses his research on 3D printing and synthetic biological fabrication.

　　基廷在麻省理工的媒体实验室研究3D打印技术和生物合成材料的制造。

　　He said it was his curiosity that inspired him to sign up for the research study in 2007, that entailed a brain scan.

　　基廷表示，正是自己的好奇心令他在这项涉及大脑扫描手术的学术研究协议书上签上自己的名字。

　　After the scan, the researchers told him that there was an ‘abnormality' in his brain.

　　第一次扫描结束后，研究人员告诉基廷其脑内存在一团畸形物质。

　　Yet, Mr Keating had no symptoms that indicated anything was amiss – and subsequent re-scans in 2007 and 2010 didn't raise any red flags.

　　可是当时基廷并未出现任何不适的症状，2007年的第二次扫描和2010年的扫描也没有发现任何问题。

　　But in the summer of 2014, he was struck by a faint vinegar aroma for a few seconds each day.

　　2014年夏天，基廷发现自己总是能闻到一股若有若无的醋味。

　　Mr Keating said: ‘After the third day, I remembered that abnormality was kind of close to my smell center.'

　　他说：“这种情况持续了三天后，我想起了那团畸形组织的位置。它离我的嗅觉中枢很近。”

　　And so, he requested another brain scan, and in August 2014 received a devastating diagnosis.

　　于是他要求再进行一次扫描，而八月份出具的诊断结果仿如晴天霹雳。

　　The images revealed Mr Keating had a huge tumor – covering 10 per cent of his brain – in his frontal left lobe.

　　扫描图像显示，基廷的左前脑叶上长了一个巨大的肿瘤，侵占了大脑10%的空间。

　　The tumor apparently stemmed from a mutation in the IDH1 gene, and was a type of tumor known as an astrocytoma.

　　脑瘤属于星形细胞瘤，产生的罪魁祸首是IDH1段基因的变异。

　　Until the strange vinegar smell, Mr Keating had been completely asymptomatic – but doctors told him he was in need of an operation.

　　基廷闻到醋味前，身体并未出现明显的症状–但医生说他必须进行手术。

　　He was given just three weeks to prepare for a 10-hour brain surgery, where he was to be kept conscious.

　　医生给了基廷三周时间准备这场10小时的手术，手术时基廷不会被注射麻药。

　　Mr Keating said: ‘They kept me awake so I could talk… with my head open, so my language center wouldn't be damaged.'

　　基廷说：“手术时我是清醒的，我可以说话，我的脑腔是打开的，语言中枢并未受损。”

　　Ever curious, he asked for the surgery to be videotaped – and he was back on campus three days later.

　　充满好奇心的基廷要求对手术进行全程录像。三天后，他就回到了校园。

　　Mr Keating was given the video, in addition to 100GB of data on his surgery and tumor that he had requested.

　　基廷后来得到了自己要求的手术录像和100GB的手术相关数据。

　　But, his curiosity did not end there. The student requested to have access to his tumor, so he could dissect the mass himself.

　　不过，基廷的好奇心并未止步于此。基廷要求亲眼看到切除的脑瘤，这样自己还可以进行解剖。

　　He said: ‘I was able to actually cut it, stain it and image it – see my own cancer.'

　　他说：“这样我就能亲自切割它，给它上色，然后构造画面–构造癌症的画面。”

　　He started chemotherapy in January 2015, and is currently advocating for open access to medical records.

　　2015年1月，基廷开始接受化疗。他现在非常支持为患者提供医疗手术记录。

　　Gaining access to his own health data helped Mr Keating make ‘personalized medical decisions' – and allowed him to learn more about his tumor.

　　有了这些记录，基廷做出了“个人化的医疗决定”，也对自己的肿瘤有了更多的了解。

　　However, it's currently very tough for people to gain access to their own records, he said.

　　然而基廷表示如今个人想获得手术记录还是非常困难的。

　　He said on his website: ‘Imagine enabling patients to be in control of their data, able to share, learn, and predict future issues.

　　他在个人网站上说：“想象一下这样的场景：病人能自行控制这些数据，能进行分享，从中学习，预测未来的情况。”

　　‘Both science and patients can benefit, instead of the current siloed data model.

　　“这对科学界和病人都有好处，如今封闭的数据存储模式该做出改变了。”

　　‘Let's make this an open-source future and enable patients to define their own future through data.'

　　“让我们努力令数据公开成为未来趋势，让病人可以通过数据决定自己的未来。”

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